An All‑in‑One Bridging Coordination Additive for Scalable, High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Modules

ABSTRACT Additive engineering has propelled lab‐scale perovskite solar cell efficiencies exceeding 27%, yet translating these achievements to industrial manufacturing requires multifunctional additives that simultaneously optimize crystallization, passivate defects, enhance mechanical robustness, and maintain compatibility with high‐throughput coating processes. Here, we introduce glutaramide (GTA) as an all‐in‐one bridging coordination additive that addresses these challenges. Density functional theory calculations reveal that GTA forms a thermodynamically favored bidentate bridging coordination between adjacent [PbI 6 ] 4− octahedra. This unique configuration retards crystallization kinetics during annealing, yielding micron‐scale grains with reduced defect density. Upon annealing, GTA spontaneously migrates to the film surface, where it passivates undercoordinated Pb 2+ and halide ions, toughens perovskite lattice, relieves residual stress, and increases hydrophobicity. Crucially, GTA enhances ink wettability, enabling pinhole‐free, blade‐coated large‐area films. Small‐area rigid and flexible cells achieve champion efficiencies of 26.65% and 25.22%, respectively. Remarkably, blade‐coated 22.95 cm 2 modules deliver efficiencies of 24.61% (rigid) and 22.57% (flexible), retaining up to 99.6% of small‐area performance. Encapsulated target devices achieve a T 90 lifetime of 1020 h under continuous 1‐sun tracking, nearly doubling the control (520 h), while flexible devices demonstrate superior bending endurance. This work establishes that a single bridging additive can synergistically balance efficiency, stability, and scalability for commercial perovskite photovoltaics.