阿兹特卡海莱拉
环境化学
吸浆虫
毒性
碳纳米管
无脊椎动物
水生毒理学
急性毒性
化学
材料科学
纳米技术
生物
生态学
端足类
甲壳动物
幼虫
有机化学
作者
Joseph N. Mwangi,Ning Wang,Christopher G. Ingersoll,Douglas K. Hardesty,Eric L. Brunson,Hao Li,Baolin Deng
摘要
Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are hydrophobic in nature and thus tend to accumulate in sediments if released into aquatic environments. As part of our overall effort to examine the toxicity of carbon‐based nanomaterials to sediment‐dwelling invertebrates, we have evaluated the toxicity of different types of CNTs in 14‐d water‐only exposures to an amphipod ( Hyalella azteca ), a midge ( Chironomus dilutus ), an oligochaete ( Lumbriculus variegatus ), and a mussel ( Villosa iris ) in advance of conducting whole‐sediment toxicity tests with CNTs. The results of these toxicity tests conducted with CNTs added to water showed that 1.00 g/L (dry wt) of commercial sources of CNTs significantly reduced the survival or growth of the invertebrates. Toxicity was influenced by the type and source of the CNTs, by whether the materials were precleaned by acid, by whether sonication was used to disperse the materials, and by species of the test organisms. Light and electron microscope imaging of the surviving test organisms showed the presence of CNTs in the gut as well as on the outer surface of the test organisms, although no evidence was observed to show penetration of CNTs through cell membranes. The present study demonstrated that both the metals solubilized from CNTs such as nickel and the “metal‐free” CNTs contributed to the toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 1823–1830. © 2012 SETAC
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI