过继性细胞移植
免疫学
细胞疗法
免疫系统
自身免疫
医学
移植
干细胞
癌症研究
生物
内科学
T细胞
细胞生物学
作者
Cristian Loretelli,Emma Assi,Andy Joe Seelam,Moufida Ben Nasr,Paolo Fiorina
标识
DOI:10.1080/14712598.2020.1748596
摘要
Introduction Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a lifelong condition resulting from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Islet or whole-pancreas transplantation is limited by the shortage of donors and need for chronic immune suppression. Novel strategies are needed to prevent β-cell loss and to rescue production of endogenous insulin.Areas covered This review covers the latest advances in cell-based therapies for the treatment and prevention of T1D. Topics include adoptive transfer of cells with increased immunoregulatory potential for β-cell protection, and β-cell replacement strategies such as generation of insulin-producing β-like cells from unlimited sources.Expert opinion Cell therapy provides an opportunity to prevent or reverse T1D. Adoptive transfer of autologous cells having enhanced immunomodulatory properties can suppress autoimmunity and preserve β-cells. Such therapies have been made possible by a combination of genome-editing techniques and transplantation of tolerogenic cells. In-vitro modified autologous hematopoietic stem cells and tolerogenic dendritic cells may protect endogenous and newly generated β-cells from a patient’s autoimmune response without hampering immune surveillance for infectious agents and malignant cellular transformations. However, methods to generate cells that meet quality and safety standards for clinical applications require further refinement.
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