A Leaf‐Inspired Janus‐Structured Triboelectric‐Moisture Hybrid Energy Harvester

ABSTRACT Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and moisture‐enabled electricity generators (MEGs) demonstrate significant potential in promoting sustainable energy development and supporting low‐power IoT devices. Inspired by the different functional structures of dual‐epidermis of plant leaves, this study proposes a bioinspired Janus structured energy‐leaf with hybrid triboelectric‐moisture hybrid energy harvesters in up and down structure. The upper layer utilizes a silica‐based flame‐retardant hydrophobic material to construct the TENG component, which provides a robust triboelectric layer for efficiently harvesting various forms of mechanical energy (e.g., fundamental contact‐separation mode with output voltage of 16.1 V and power density of 0.9 µW·cm − 2 ; solid–liquid contact mode with output voltage of 19.45 V and power density of 17.1 µW·cm − 2 ). The bottom layer employs a carbon‐based aerogel as the MEG component, enabling continuous output through environmental humidity modulation and maintaining stable performance even under high‐humidity conditions (697 mV, 0.68 µW·cm − 2 ). As a proof of concept, this hybrid energy harvester is demonstrated in an intelligent emergency system for effective distress signaling and in smart agriculture greenhouse ventilation systems. This study provides a novel strategy for developing high‐performance, environmentally adaptive, and structurally integrated energy harvesting systems, holding significant scientific research value and promising engineering application prospects.