Fundamentals of solution plasma for advanced materials synthesis

Solution plasma is an atmospheric nonequilibrium plasma generated by electrical discharge in liquid phase at room temperature. The plasma configurations, solutions, electrode materials, as well as the characteristics of the power supply can be easily tuned. Due to these features of the solution plasma, various sizes, shapes, compositions of products can be controlled, leading to the effective utilization in several applications, such as a novel catalyst for energy conversion. To accomplish the use of solution plasma as a promising tool for the synthesis and modification of advanced materials, fundamentals and applied knowledge related to the solution plasma should be reviewed and discussed. Therefore, in this review, fundamentals of plasma in liquid are explained relating to the solution plasma, and detailed advanced applications of solution plasma are organized. It is expected to give powerful knowledge to guide the researchers in designing plasma conditions and synthesizing catalysts for different applications in the future.