地质学
火成岩大省
地球科学
岩石圈
火成岩
生物集群灭绝
羽流
地球化学
泛滥玄武岩
二叠纪-三叠纪灭绝事件
俯冲
地幔柱
岩浆作用
古生物学
构造学
火山作用
人口学
社会学
物理
热力学
生物扩散
人口
作者
Michael W. Broadley,Peter H. Barry,C. J. Ballentine,L. A. Taylor,R. Burgess
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41561-018-0215-4
摘要
Magmatic volatile release to the atmosphere can lead to climatic changes and substantial environmental degradation including the production of acid rain, ocean acidification and ozone depletion, potentially resulting in the collapse of the biosphere. The largest recorded mass extinction in Earth’s history occurred at the end of the Permian, coinciding with the emplacement of the Siberian large igneous province, suggesting that large-scale magmatism is a key driver of global environmental change. However, the source and nature of volatiles in the Siberian large igneous province remain contentious. Here we present halogen compositions of sub-continental lithospheric mantle xenoliths emplaced before and after the eruption of the Siberian flood basalts. We show that the Siberian lithosphere is massively enriched in halogens from the infiltration of subducted seawater-derived volatiles and that a considerable amount (up to 70%) of lithospheric halogens are assimilated into the plume and released to the atmosphere during emplacement. Plume–lithosphere interaction is therefore a key process controlling the volatile content of large igneous provinces and thus the extent of environmental crises, leading to mass extinctions during their emplacement. Halogens in Siberian xenoliths show that plume–lithosphere interaction controls the volatile content of large igneous provinces. The seawater-derived volatiles, implicated in the end-Permian mass extinction, infiltrated the lithosphere during subduction.
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