Interpenetrating polymer network and nanocomposite IPN of polyurethane/epoxy: a review on fundamentals and advancements

This article presents state-of-the-art review on interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) formation by polyurethane/epoxy (PU/EP). PU is thermoplastic polymer with fine mechanical strength, chemical resistance, processability, and thermal stability. EP resins also possess unique chemical and physical properties, though it is rigid and brittle. Amalgamation of two polymers have resulted in improved mechanical, thermal, damping, and glass transition behavior. PU/EP IPN and nanocomposite containing carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, nanodiamond, nanoclay, and various other nanoparticles have been discussed. Commercial implication and future prospects of PU/EP-crosslinked network and nanocomposite IPN are foreseen in high-performance engineering materials, automotive and aerospace, and biomedical devices.