Review of mechanical abuse related thermal runaway models of lithium-ion batteries at different scales

With the rapid increase in electric vehicle (EV) ownership, battery-related safety accidents caused by thermal runaways occur more frequently. Mechanical abuse-related factors are major causes of thermal runaways in batteries. In the field of thermal runaway research, it has become a hot research topic to establish the connection between mechanical-abuse-related factors and thermal runaway through computational modeling. This paper focuses on the mechanical model directly related to mechanical abuse from the perspective of thermal runaway and battery safety. It summarizes the modeling methods and the latest research results from single-physical field model to multi-physical field coupled model at different scales from battery components to modules. By summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of various modeling methods and their development process, the future development trend of this field is explored.