Collagen-based biomaterials: recent advances on regulating cell migration and correlated biomedical applications

Abstract Cell migration is a fundamental biological process that plays a crucial role in both physiological and pathological conditions, and is largely influenced by the complex microenvironment, particularly the extracellular matrix (ECM), a macromolecular network that governs various cellular interactions. Extensive research has established that ECM-cell interactions are critical in multiple biological processes, with some directly regulating cell migration. Among ECM components, collagens stand out as key regulators of cell movement. However, existing reviews have provided only limited perspectives on the role of collagen-based biomaterials in directing migration across different cell populations. This gap in knowledge hinders a comprehensive understanding of collagen’s full potential. Drawing from systematic literature and our ongoing research, this review aims to summarize advancements over the past five years in the application of collagen-based biomaterials for modulating cell migration. The discussion primarily focuses on three pivotal cell types: stem cells, immune cells, and cancer cells. By shedding light on the functions, mechanisms, and therapeutic potential of collagen in cell migration, this review will contribute to the development of innovative collagen-based biomaterials with applications in wound healing and tissue regeneration. Graphical abstract