Strong metal-support interaction induced by Pt-O-Bi bonding in mesoporous anatase TiO2 for base-free catalytic biomass valorization

into active oxygen species, the adsorption energy of HMF, as well as the activation barrier for its conversion to 2,5-diformylfuran, ultimately resulting in a significant enhancement in the conversion rate of HMF. These findings provide valuable insights into the rational design of efficient catalysts for biomass valorization.