Inhibition of the ox-LDL-Induced Pyroptosis by FGF21 of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Through the TET2-UQCRC1-ROS Pathway

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone-like member of the FGF family that is associated with cell death in atherosclerosis. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the effect of FGF21 on endothelial cell pyroptosis and its potential mechanisms were investigated. Results showed that FGF21 inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced pyroptosis and related molecular expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mitochondrial function was damaged by ox-LDL and restored by FGF21. A mechanism proved that ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase core protein I (UQCRC1) was downregulated by ox-LDL and upregulated by FGF21. Further, the silencing of UQCRC1 aggravated HUVEC pyroptosis and impaired mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET2) was involved in the regulation of UQCRC1 expression and pyroptosis. In summary, FGF21 inhibited ox-LDL-induced HUVEC pyroptosis through the TET2–UQCRC1–ROS pathway.