With a new perspective borrowed from biological immunology,this study explores the theoretical dimensions of the concept of organizational immunological behavior and its impact on organizational performance.A mechanism model of ″organizational immunological behavior-organizational immunological performance-organizational performance″ is developed and examined based on 233 firm questionnaires by path analysis.The empirical results indicate that both non-specific immunology and specific immunology are positively related to organizational performance except for organizational culture.Organizational Immunological Performance is positively related to organizational performance,and it also plays a full mediating role on the relationships between organizational structure,rules,memory and organizational performance,while a partial mediating role on the relationship between organizational defense and organizational performance.