Under ultrasonic polyacrylic acid was synthesized with ammonium persulfate as initiator.It was investigated in detailed that the effects of monomer concentration,initiator concentration and reaction temperature on monomer conversion and molecular weight.The low molecular weight polyacrylic acid sodium(2000~5000) with high conversion was got by monomer concentration 30~40%,initiator concentration 1.0% and reaction temperature 50~70℃.