材料科学
飞秒
太阳能燃料
皮秒
超短脉冲
化学物理
纳米技术
热化
载流子
纳米结构
分解水
化学能
太阳能
光催化
光电子学
化学
物理
催化作用
光学
原子物理学
激光器
有机化学
生物
生物化学
生态学
作者
Jason K. Baxter,Christiaan Richter,Charles A. Schmuttenmaer
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-physchem-040513-103742
摘要
Sunlight can be used to drive chemical reactions to produce fuels that store energy in chemical bonds. These fuels, such as hydrogen from splitting water, have much larger energy density than do electrical storage devices. The efficient conversion of clean, sustainable solar energy using photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic systems requires precise control over the thermodynamics, kinetics, and structural aspects of materials and molecules. Generation, thermalization, trapping, interfacial transfer, and recombination of photoexcited charge carriers often occur on femtosecond to picosecond timescales. These short timescales limit the transport of photoexcited carriers to nanometer-scale distances, but nanostructures with high surface-to-volume ratios can enable both significant light absorption and high quantum efficiency. This review highlights the importance of understanding ultrafast carrier dynamics for the generation of solar fuels, including case studies on colloidal nanostructures, nanostructured photoelectrodes, and photoelectrodes sensitized with molecular chromophores and catalysts.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI