DNA Metabarcoding: Current Applications and Challenges

DNA metabarcoding is a versatile approach that combines high-throughput sequencing (HTS) with DNA barcoding and enables the simultaneous identification of multiple species in complex DNA samples. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing (HTS), DNA meta-barcoding has been widely applied in many fields. This review summarizes the current state of research on DNA metabarcoding, focusing on recent advances in its application in several major fields. DNA metabarcoding can effectively analyze community biodiversity and contribute significantly to the foundation of ecological research. In terms of food safety, it can detect food-derived ingredients to ensure the accuracy of food labeling and prevent adulteration. It can reveal the dietary analysis of animals and provide a scientific foundation for biodiversity protection. It can also identify species in trace samples and help solve crimes in forensic research. Additionally, the challenges ahead and potential developments in DNA meta-barcoding are considered. This review provides comprehensive information about DNA metabarcoding and its multifaceted applications, which could facilitate interdisciplinary communication and improve methodological standardization.