神经炎症
疾病
背景(考古学)
生物
微生物群
神经科学
衰老的大脑
肠道菌群
认知功能衰退
人口
地中海饮食法
炎症
免疫学
生物信息学
痴呆
医学
认知
病理
环境卫生
古生物学
作者
Santosh Kumar Prajapati,Ria Shah,Nicholas Alford,Sidharth Mishra,Shalini Jain,Barbara C. Hansen,Paul Sanburg,Anthony Molina,Hariom Yadav
出处
期刊:The Journals of Gerontology
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2023-09-21
卷期号:78 (12): 2187-2202
被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1093/gerona/glad226
摘要
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, age-related neurodegenerative disorder that affects a large proportion of the older population. It currently lacks effective treatments, placing a heavy burden on patients, families, health care systems, and society. This is mainly due to our limited comprehension of the pathophysiology of AD progression, as well as the lack of effective drug targets and intervention timing to address the underlying pathology. AD is a multifactorial condition, and emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in the gut microbiota play a significant role as environmental and multifaceted contributors to AD, although the exact mechanisms are yet to be fully explored. Changes in the composition of microbiota influence host neuronal health through their metabolites. These metabolites regulate intestinal epithelia, blood-brain barrier permeability, and neuroinflammation by affecting mitochondrial function. The decline in the proportion of beneficial microbes and their essential metabolites during aging and AD is directly linked to poor mitochondrial function, although the specific mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we discuss recent developments in understanding the impact of the microbiome and its metabolites on various cell types, their influence on the integrity of the gut and blood-brain barriers, systemic and brain inflammation, and cell-specific effects in AD pathology. This information is expected to pave the way for a new understanding of the interactions between microbiota and mitochondria in AD, providing a foundation for the development of novel treatments for AD.
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