High-throughput and genome-scale targeted mutagenesis using CRISPR in a non-model multicellular organism,Bombyx mori

Abstract Large-scale genetic mutant libraries are powerful approaches to interrogating genotype-phenotype correlations and identifying genes responsible for certain environmental stimuli, both of which are the central goal of life science study. We produced the first large-scale CRISPR/Cas9-induced library in a non-model multicellular organism, Bombyx mori . We developed a piggy Bac-delivered binary genome editing strategy, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of mixed microinjection, efficient multi-purpose genetic operation, and preservation of growth-defect lines. We constructed a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) plasmid library containing 92,917 sgRNAs targeting promoters and exons of 14,645 protein-coding genes, established 1726 transgenic sgRNA lines following microinjection of 66,650 embryos, and generated 300 mutant lines with diverse phenotypic changes. Phenomic characterization of mutant lines identified a large set of genes responsible for visual phenotypic or economically valuable trait changes. Next, we performed pooled context-specific positive screens for tolerance to environmental pollute cadmium exposure, and identified KWMTBOMO12902 as a strong candidate gene for breeding applications in sericulture industry. Collectively, our results provide a novel and versatile approach for functional B. mori genomics, and a powerful resource for identifying key candidate genes potential for improving various economic traits. This study also demonstrates the effectiveness, practicality, and convenience of large-scale mutant libraries in other non-model organisms.