AEEFCSR: an adaptive ensemble empirical feed-forward cascade stochastic resonance system for weak signal detection

Abstract A novel adaptive ensemble empirical feed-forward cascade stochastic resonance (AEEFCSR) method is proposed in this study for the challenges of detecting target signals from intense background noise. At first, we create an unsaturated piecewise self-adaptive variable-stable potential function to overcome the limitations of traditional potential functions. Subsequently, based on the foundation of a feed-forward cascaded stochastic resonance method, a novel weighted function and system architecture is created, which effectively addresses the issue of low-frequency noise enrichment through ensemble empirical mode decomposition. Lastly, inspired by the spider wasp algorithm and nutcracker optimization algorithm, the spider wasp nutcracker optimization algorithm is proposed to optimize the system parameters and overcome the problem of relying on manual experience. In this paper, to evaluate its performance, the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), spectral sub-peak difference, and time-domain recovery capability are used as evaluation metrics. The AEEFCSR method is demonstrated through theoretical analysis. To further illustrate the performance of the AEEFCSR method, Validate the adoption of multiple engineering datasets. The results show that compared with the compared algorithms, the output SNR of the AEEFCSR method is at least 6.2801 dB higher, the spectral subpeak difference is more than 0.25 higher, and the time-domain recovery effect is more excellent. In summary, the AEEFCSR method has great potential for weak signal detection in complex environments.