Electrospun porous polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofiber membrane with ultra-hydrophilic and high moisture-permeability for dust personal protection

The serious dust pollution in coal mine working environment can cause occupational lung diseases and other diseases, affecting the life and health of miners. Therefore, the prospect of developing an air filtration membrane with high filtration performance is of remarkable significance. This study prepared a porous Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) /Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofiber membrane based on Electrospinning and post-treatment technology used for downhole personal protection. The prepared porous nanofiber membrane increased the specific surface area by 133.63% and the porosity by 391.02% (compared with the pure PAN nanofiber membrane), and was able to achieve a high filtration efficiency of 98.76% and a low pressure drop of 165 Pa at an air flow rate of 85 L/min. Meanwhile, this study conducted contact angle and moisture permeability tests on the prepared composite fiber membrane. After 1 second of water droplets falling on the fiber membrane, it had a 14° contact angle (strong hydrophilicity), and the moisture permeability reached 4256.677 cm3/m2·d·Pa, which could discharge the water vapor generated by respiration in time. In addition, given the complex and irregular pore distribution of electrospun nanofibers, the fractal correlation dimension of nanofiber membrane pores was studied through fractal theory, and the relationship between the fractal dimension of fiber pores and respiratory resistance was discussed. Based on this, the nanofiber membrane prepared in this study can be widely used in individual protection in mines.