Formation mechanism and characteristics of Au-Sn-O and Sn-O nanocompounds with various band gaps through flame chemical vapor deposition process

After forming the double layer of SnO2 and Au, the compound of Sn and O with multiple band gaps was formed in a short time period via flame chemical vapor deposition (FCVD). The Sn component of SnO2 has fluidity and is the only one moving to the discrete Au side and leaving O behind. The capillarity of Sn allows it to form a unique structure with Au-Sn-O nanoparticles and amorphous Sn-O nanotubes of multiple compositions in a single process. For verification, the gradual morphological, crystallographic, compositional, and optical changes in the material were sequentially presented as per the degree of FCVD.