Early initiation of treatment with oral propranolol for infantile hemangioma improves success rate

Abstract Background/Objectives Early referral and treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH) is a major challenge for treatment success. However, there is a lack of data supporting a specific threshold for initiating treatment with oral propranolol. The aim of this analysis was to find factors, such as age at treatment initiation, leading to a higher success rate with oral propranolol treatment. Methods Based on data from the pivotal phase 2–3 clinical trial of oral propranolol in IH, we used Generalized Additive Model (GAM) charts with Generalized Linear Models (GLM), then a rule discovery algorithm, to identify sub‐groups presenting a high probability of occurrence of the predefined outcome (i.e., success [complete or nearly complete resolution of the target hemangioma] at 6 months of treatment). Results Our analyses identified that patients who started oral propranolol 3 mg/kg/day before the age of 10 weeks had a success rate of 86%, higher than the 60% success rate for all patients that received the same regimen commencing after 10 weeks of age. Conclusions Treatment initiation before 10 weeks of age was associated with a significantly higher rate of treatment success with oral propranolol 3 mg/kg/day. Infants with IH requiring treatment should be referred to an expert center and treated as soon as possible.