The influencing mechanisms and optimization strategies of organics on anammox process: A critical review

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) is an autotrophic bacterium-driven biological nitrogen removal process for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality. However, the practical application of anammox is inevitably affected by organics. Therefore, it is crucial to properly recycle and manage organics to achieve successful anammox. This review was analyzed from a critical perspective and offers a thorough summary of research advances on the effect of organics on anammox nitrogen removal performance and the microbial community, as well as mechanisms and optimization strategies. Firstly, the impacts of endogenous and exogenous organics on anammox bacteria (AnAOB) are explored. Secondly, the effect of organics was discussed on the microbial community structure for the anammox process. Finally, strategies for exogenous additives to alleviate inhibition and anammox-based processes for organic wastewater treatment are proposed. Overall, the investigation of the impact of various organics on anammox process offers valuable insights for the potential design and implementation of anammox-based system, particularly within the realm of advanced biological nitrogen removal.