Sustained Clinical Benefit of Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease Using Gamma Oscillations: A Case Report

Abstract Background Adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) dynamically adjusts stimulation parameters according to patient needs. We recently showed that chronic aDBS utilizing invasive neural signals for feedback control is superior to conventional DBS (cDBS) during normal daily life in a 2‐month trial. The stability of aDBS over longer periods remains unclear. Objectives To assess the effects of aDBS on motor symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in one individual with Parkinson's disease over 8 months. Methods We used stimulation‐entrained cortical gamma oscillations as a control signal for aDBS in the subthalamic nucleus and quantified benefits using motor diary ratings, QoL scales, and wearable metrics. Results We found that aDBS delivered superior and consistent benefits compared with baseline cDBS in measures of bradykinesia and QoL. Conclusions aDBS can achieve prolonged, stable improvement over clinically optimized cDBS. The neural signal remains stable, and aDBS parameters remain appropriate over extended periods. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.