Survey of Inertial/magnetic Sensors Based pedestrian dead reckoning by multi-sensor fusion method

Pedestrian dead reckoning technology (PDR) based on inertial/magnetic wearable device and inertial sensor embedded in smart phone is an important problem in indoor navigation, which has been studied actively in the literature. Numerous localization algorithms, such as Pedestrian dead reckoning systems and inertial navigation systems (INS) methods have been reported to provide reliable indoor location-based services (LBS). Many different methods have been combined with pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) to obtain bias-free pedestrian tracking. This paper aims to give a comprehensive review of these different PDR models for indoor localization problems and the challenges to point out possible future research directions. In these surveys, we review research conducted on pedestrian dead reckoning using inertial sensor device embedded in Smartphone-based, body wearable sensor approaches to compare different indoor positioning systems, and discussed its future improvements.