Organic matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: a tutorial review

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been developed as an accurate and sensitive technique for multi-elemental or isotopic analysis. There are many circumstances in which the introduction of an organic compound or aqueous solutions containing carbon to the ICP-MS may be preferred. However, it is still confined by its complexity matrix effects and its potential mechanisms. The present review is dedicated to dealing with the organic solvent matrix effects in ICP-MS. With a thorough bibliographic study, the influences of organic compounds on the spectral and non-spectral interferences in ICP-MS are summarized. Subsequently, the main factors for the performance of organic plasma are discussed. Finally, a great attention is paid to clarify the potential mechanisms to understand the fundamental changes originated from organic compounds in each stage of ICP-MS.