Intelligent Reflecting Surface Wireless Communication: Overview and Performance Analysis of Passive IRS system

Intelligent Reflecting surfaces is a promising emerging technology in wireless communication substantially reduces the signal processing complexity of massive MIMO technology. It is versatile, low cost dynamically controls the signal propagation with tunable meta surfaces. IRS can effectively replace active relays like amplify and forward, decode and forward that proven to be energy inefficient. Owing to requirement of extended coverage, massive connectivity and ultra-reliable communication in beyond 5G systems, IRS need to be explored to meet the current goals. This paper provides a comprehensive review of present-day research that addresses the practical challenges in IRS like channel estimation and beamforming optimization. Furthermore, Bit error rate performance is demonstrated for a single IRS-SISO and compared it with conventional AF system. Simulation results prove that IRS achieves lower bit error rate compared to the conventional relay system. This paper discusses the existing works in IRS and provides insight into future implementation.