Highly sensitive SPR-based PCF bio sensor for plasma cell detection in human blood for the detection of early stage cancer

This study investigates an extremely sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor to detect blood plasma cell. A blood sample is put into one of the PCF cladding's air holes. This results in a substantial confinement loss which is used to study as the analyte core mode, while the background is used as the silica mode. To induce plasmonic effects, the plasma sample is injected into one of the air holes in the PCF cladding and its outer covering is coated with Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). In the range of 1.3246–1.3634 for the analyte refractive index, this determination of plasma yielded a sensitivity of 6701.03 nm/RIU for x-polarization and 5154.63 nm/RIU for y-polarization. The provided sensor's sensing output is investigated by using Finite Element Method (FEM)-based programme with a detection limit of 0.0097 RIU overall. Using the analyte defect layer with varied refractive indices, we were able to generate a difference in the resonant peak positions. As a result of our simulation results, it is vital to highlight that the suggested sensor exhibits notable sensor performance for both polarization modes, allowing for more frequent light source selection during practical implementation. Our proposed sensor can detect organic chemicals, biochemical analytes, and can also be used extensively in medical diagnostics, according to the findings.