A configurational analysis of digital technology, environmental, and social concerns on the internationalization of entrepreneurial ventures

Purpose This research aims to better understand the phenomena of international entrepreneurship and cross-border expansion of new ventures. Various factors, including technological advances, environmental standards and social conditions, influence it. This paper investigates the complex dynamics of such interconnected factors shaping their internationalization strategies. Design/methodology/approach Given the multifaceted nature of the internationalization of entrepreneurial ventures, we followed a configurational approach fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in our study, using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) survey report 2022–2023. Findings The study unveils a complex interplay between the different factors wherein high environmental and social attentions, along with balanced digital technology adoption, give the best international outcomes for new ventures. Our results show that positive internationalization results with higher organizational legitimacy but moderate use of digital technology. This nuanced perspective contests conventional wisdom, demonstrating the need for a thoughtful approach integrating technological expertise with sustainability imperatives. Practical implications This study establishes a nuanced understanding of how new ventures should approach technological investments and promote environmental and social concerns. This research can help owners/managers to commit sufficient investment in digital resources and ESG-related projects. Originality/value For the first time, this study focuses on the intersection of organizational legitimacy and tangible resources for creating sustainable competitive advantages in new venture internationalization efforts. The use of configurational analysis is entirely new in this terrain, and the results have huge implications for both managers and academicians.