Advanced Microbiome Therapeutics Accelerate MASLD Recovery by Restoring Intestinal Microbiota Equilibrium and the Gut-Liver Axis in a Mouse Model

Nissle 1917 vehicle (EcN) or no microbial intervention (CTRL). EcNI and EcNA improved MASLD recovery compared to controls by lowering hepatic fat, plasma cholesterol, and body weight, while increasing bacterial diversity, plasma acetate, and propionate, and modulating particular microbial groups, potentially alleviating dysbiosis. Additionally, EcNI and EcNA downregulated acetyl-CoA, the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, and EcNA upregulated the pentose phosphate pathway and pyruvate, which are related to oxidative stress reduction. These results suggest that EcNI and EcNA are potential novel treatments for MASLD.