Terpenoids from Chloranthus holostegius with Anti‐inflammatory Activities

Five new terpenoids, including one isocamphane‐type monoterpenoid (1), one labdane‐type diterpenoid (2), and three cadinane‐type sesquiterpenoids (3‒5), were isolated from the whole plant of Chloranthus holostegius. A combination of spectral analysis (MS, UV, IR, and 1D/2D NMR), quantum chemical calculations (NMR/ECD), and X‐ray crystallography were employed in the structural characterization. In anti‐inflammatory assays, all isolates were evaluated by examination of their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and compounds 1 and 5 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against NO release, with IC50 values of 21.16 ± 1.37 μM and 18.03 ± 1.24 μM, respectively.