Selective generation of H2O2 by Cu-modified graphitic carbon nitride for rapid water disinfection via intracellular Fenton reaction

Pathogenic microorganisms pose a significant threat to human health. Recognizing the critical necessity for antimicrobial photocatalysts with exceptional disinfection efficiency, we have embarked upon a scientific endeavor that integrates theoretical calculation to guide the synthesis of Cu nanoparticles decorated on a graphitic carbon nitride matrix (Cu-CN). This designed catalyst exhibits an enhanced ability to selectively generate H2O2, thereby facilitating rapid water disinfection under visible-light irradiation. Our results demonstrate that photocatalytic intervention can achieve complete inactivation of S. aureus (7 log) within 60 min. Through a combination of experimental and characterization data, we propose a potential intracellular Fenton reaction of H2O2 that contributes to the bacterial inactivation. This research not only provides valuable insights into the development of high-performance photocatalysts capable of selective H2O2 generation but also enhances our understanding of the mechanism behind bacterial inactivation mediated by H2O2 during the photocatalytic process.