Cinobufagin Inhibits Invasion and Migration of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Regulating Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming in Tumor-Associated Macrophages

These findings suggest that CB suppresses M2 macrophage-mediated tumor support by targeting HIF-1α and glycolysis, thereby reprogramming the TME toward an anti-tumor state. This highlights CB's potential of CB in the treatment of lung cancer by countering immunosuppressive macrophage activity.