A Blockchain-Based Proxy Re-Encryption Scheme with Cryptographic Reverse Firewall for IoV

As the Internet of vehicles (IoV) technology develops, it promotes the intelligent interaction among vehicles, road side instrument, and the environment. Nevertheless, it also brings vehicle information security challenges. In recent years, vehicle data sharing is suffering to Algorithm Substitution Attacks (ASA), which means backdoor adversaries can carry out filtering attacks through data sharing. Therefore, this paper designs a blockchain-based proxy re-encryption scheme with a cryptographic reverse firewall (BIBPR-CRF) for IoV. In our proposal, the CRF can promise the internal safety of vehicle units. More specifically, it can prevent ASA attacks while ensuring chosen plaintext attack (CPA)-security. Meanwhile, the proxy re-encryption (PRE) algorithm can provide the confidential sharing and secure operation of data. Moreover, we use a consortium blockchain service center (CBSC) to store the first ciphertext and re-encrypt it with smart contracts on the blockchain, which can avoid single point of failure and achieve higher efficiency compared to proxy servers. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our scheme in terms of communication cost, computational cost, and energy consumption. Compared with the other three schemes, our proposal has the highest efficiency and is the most suitable for the IoV application.