Fundamentals and classification of halide perovskites

The chemistry of halide perovskites has been known since the beginning of the 20th decade. During the last years, halide perovskite-based materials have attracted attention because of their intriguing structural diversity and optimum physical and optical properties, making them suitable candidates for diverse optoelectronic applications, most notably for photovoltaics. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss in brief the fundamentals of the halide perovskite, including an overview of their history, classifications, and dimensions. Moreover, different applications of the halide perovskite materials in optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices are assessed.