神经形态工程学
仿生学
计算机科学
记忆电阻器
人工智能
突触
人工神经网络
数码产品
神经科学
工程类
电子工程
电气工程
生物
作者
Fanqing Zhang,Chunyang Li,Zhongyi Li,Dong Liu,Jing Zhao
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41378-023-00487-2
摘要
Synapses are essential for the transmission of neural signals. Synaptic plasticity allows for changes in synaptic strength, enabling the brain to learn from experience. With the rapid development of neuromorphic electronics, tremendous efforts have been devoted to designing and fabricating electronic devices that can mimic synapse operating modes. This growing interest in the field will provide unprecedented opportunities for new hardware architectures for artificial intelligence. In this review, we focus on research of three-terminal artificial synapses based on two-dimensional (2D) materials regulated by electrical, optical and mechanical stimulation. In addition, we systematically summarize artificial synapse applications in various sensory systems, including bioplastic bionics, logical transformation, associative learning, image recognition, and multimodal pattern recognition. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives involving integration, power consumption and functionality are outlined.
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