Tobramycin was compared to gentamicin in vitro and was found more active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When tobramycin and gentamicin were administered to volunteers as a single intramuscular iniection (2 .. 5 mg. per kilogram), similar blood levels were observed (mean peak levels of 7.3 p.g per milliliter and 7.1 p.g per milliliter, respectively). Sera from these subiects was more active (p < 0.05) against strains of Ps. aeruginosa, which had similar susceptibility to tobramycin and gentamicin.