Organic Electrochemical Cathodic Reduction of CO, CN, and NN

The interdisciplinary integration of conventional organic synthesis with advanced electrochemical methodologies has catalyzed the emergence of a transformative discipline: organic electrochemical synthesis. This innovative field has emerged as a pivotal player in addressing contemporary challenges of escalating energy scarcity and environmental degradation. This review initiates its discourse by examining cathodic reduction processes in organic-electrochemical synthesis systems. We systematically elucidate the electrochemically driven reduction-hydrogenation (deuteration) and reductive coupling reactions occurring at unsaturated bonds (CO, CN, and NN) through a critical analysis of recent advancements. Our comprehensive presentation aims to provide scholars with profound insights into the distinct advantages and underlying mechanisms that differentiate electrochemical organic synthesis from traditional catalytic approaches, particularly emphasizing its enhanced atom economy, superior energy efficiency, and improved environmental compatibility.