Review Article: Helicobacter pylori infection, Epidemiology, Related Diseases, Diagnosis, Treatment Strategies and Prevention

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a pervasive, Gram-negative pathogen or bacterium that causes chronic gastritis after colonizing the gastric mucosa. H. pylori infecting around half of the world’s population and it is usually transmitted in childhood and persists for life if untreated. H. pylori infection can progress to severe gastroduodenal diseases, including peptic ulcer, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer. This H. pylori pathophysiology is based on its interaction with the host immune system, complex bacterial virulence mechanisms and environmental factors. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the H. pylori infection, focusing on its epidemiology, related Diseases, diagnosis, treatment and prevention strategies.