作者
Ifan E. L. Stephens,Karen Chan,Alexander Bagger,Shannon W. Boettcher,Julien Bonin,Etienne Boutin,Aya Buckley,Raffaella Buonsanti,Etosha Cave,Xiaoxia Chang,See Wee Chee,Alisson Henrique Marques da Silva,Phil De Luna,Oliver Einsle,Balázs Endrődi,María Escudero Escribano,Jorge V. Ferreira de Araujo,Marta C. Figueiredo,Christopher Hahn,Kentaro U. Hansen,Sophia Haussener,Sara Hunegnaw,Ziyang Huo,Yun Jeong Hwang,Csaba Janáky,Buddhinie S. Jayathilake,Feng Jiao,Zarko P. Jovanov,Parisa Karimi,Marc T. M. Koper,Kendra Kuhl,Woong Lee,Zhiqin Liang,Xuan Liu,Sichao Ma,Ming Ma,Hyung-Suk Oh,Marc Robert,Beatriz Roldan Cuenya,Jan Rossmeisl,Claudie Roy,Mary P. Ryan,Edward H Sargent,Paula Sebastián-Pascual,Brian Seger,Ludmilla Steier,Peter Strasser,Ana Sofia Varela,Rafaël E Vos,Xue Wang,Bingjun Xu,Hossein Yadegari,Yuxiang Zhou
摘要
Abstract Electrochemical CO 2 reduction (CO 2 R) is an attractive option for storing renewable electricity and for the sustainable production of valuable chemicals and fuels. In this roadmap, we review recent progress in fundamental understanding, catalyst development, and in engineering and scale-up. We discuss the outstanding challenges towards commercialization of electrochemical CO 2 R technology: energy efficiencies, selectivities, low current densities, and stability. We highlight the opportunities in establishing rigorous standards for benchmarking performance, advances in in operando characterization, the discovery of new materials towards high value products, the investigation of phenomena across multiple-length scales and the application of data science towards doing so. We hope that this collective perspective sparks new research activities that ultimately bring us a step closer towards establishing a low- or zero-emission carbon cycle.