粘液
粘蛋白
上皮
炎症性肠病
肠上皮
微生物学
胃肠上皮
免疫系统
生物
溃疡性结肠炎
免疫学
医学
病理
疾病
生态学
出处
期刊:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2014-11-01
卷期号:20 (11): 2124-2131
被引量:108
标识
DOI:10.1097/mib.0000000000000117
摘要
The intestinal epithelium is covered with mucus with the main structural building block being the densely O-glycosylated MUC2 mucin. The intestinal epithelium is exposed to ingested material, our digestive machinery, and large amounts of microorganisms. Mucus is the first line of defense and aids to limit exposure to all these threats to the epithelium. In the small intestine, mucus acts as a matrix, which contains antimicrobial products, such as defensins and immunoglobulin A that limit epithelial exposure to the luminal bacteria. In the colon, the stratified inner mucus layer acts as a physical barrier excluding bacteria from the epithelium. Bacterial penetration of this normally restricted zone is observed in many colitis models and also in patients with ulcerative colitis. Mucus defects that allow bacteria to reach the epithelium and to stimulate an immune system response can lead to the development of intestinal inflammation. The current state of our knowledge concerning the function of the mucus layers and the main mucin component, MUC2, in inflammatory bowel disease is described in this review.
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