运动性
肠-脑轴
肠道菌群
激素
胃肠道
免疫系统
背景(考古学)
病理生理学
医学
肠神经系统
肠内分泌细胞
内分泌系统
免疫学
内科学
生物
细胞生物学
古生物学
作者
Hirokazu Fukui,Xin Xu,Hiroto Miwa
出处
期刊:Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
[The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (KAMJE)]
日期:2018-07-30
卷期号:24 (3): 367-386
被引量:68
摘要
Gut microbiota exert a pivotal influence on various functions including gastrointestinal (GI) motility, metabolism, nutrition, immunity, and the neuroendocrine system in the host. These effects are mediated by not only short-chain fatty acids produced by microbiota but also gut hormones and inflammatory signaling by enteroendocrine and immune cells under the influence of the microbiota. GI motility is orchestrated by the enteric nervous system and hormonal networks, and disturbance of GI motility plays an important role in the pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). In this context, microbiota-associated mediators are considered to act on specific receptors, thus affecting the enteric nervous system and, subsequently, GI motility. Thus, the pathophysiology of FGIDs is based on alterations of the gut microbiota/gut hormone axis, which have crucial effects on GI motility.
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