Objective To study the changes of apoptosis morphology and the effect of caspase-3 on the apoptosis induced by microcystin in rat Sertoli cells.Methods Sertoli cells were isolated and purified from youthful SD rats and the cell model was established.After exposure to MC-LR(0,1,10 μg/ml),apoptosis of Sertoli cells induced by MC-LR was detected using Hoechst fluorescent staining.The caspaure activity in Sertoli cells was measured by cleavage of the caspase substrate.Results The number of apoptosis Sertoli cells progressively increased with the increasing MC-LR dosage.After Sertoli cells were exposed to 10 μg/ml MC-LR MC-LR,caspase-3 activity significantly increased.Conclusion MC-LR may induce apoptosis of Sertoli cells.Caapase-3 may play an important role in the apoptosis of Sertoli cells induced by MC-LR.