The preparation of a phosphogypsum-based cementitious material is introduced,the process is that phosphogypsum(the byproduct of phosphate fertilizer production) is neutralized, baked, levigated, then mixed with blast furnace slag,limestone(quicklime) powder,a little portland clinker and aluminate cement. The phosphogypsum-based cementitious material whose function indexes of compressive strength and setting time are close to that of cement can be used instead of common cement in some fields,the cost is lower about 20%-30% than that of using cement.