Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of lipid abnormalities among adult inhabitants in Yinchuan and to provide the theory basis for community intervention of cardiovascular diseases.Methods Serum lipids and physical indices of 1275 urban adults were surveyed in yinchuan.Dyslipidemia prevalence and the related risk factors were analyzed.Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 48.6% in adult residents of Yinchuan and male and female prevalence were 50.3% and 40.8 % respectivly.TC and TG in males were significant higher than those in females(P0.01).The dyslipidemia prevalence increased with age rising in both of males and females.Hypertension,body mass index and the WHR possibly were the independent risk factors of dyslipidemia.Conclusion Dyslipidemia prevalence of adults in yinchuan were higher than that of nationwide.the middle-aged and elderly people are key control groups.Controlling both weight and blood pressure levels under the normal range can be effective for preventing dyslipidemia.