疼痛管理
模式
医学
疼痛评估
物理疗法
治疗方式
学位(音乐)
重症监护医学
心理学
计算机科学
社会学
声学
社会科学
物理
标识
DOI:10.1016/s0195-5616(08)70004-4
摘要
To manage pain successfully, assessment of the presence and degree of pain is essential. This article describes the various signs and behaviors that may be presumed to be associated with pain of varying degrees. Conditions that are associated with pain and situations that influence the severity of pain are also discussed. The general approach to management of these situations is outlined, with an introduction to the various articles in this issue dealing with specific mechanisms and modalities involved in the treatment of pain.
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