物理
光子
探测器
光学
噪音(视频)
光电探测器
棒
光电子学
人工智能
图像(数学)
计算机科学
医学
病理
替代医学
作者
Fred Rieke,D. A. Baylor
标识
DOI:10.1103/revmodphys.70.1027
摘要
At low light levels, the visual system detects and counts photon absorptions with a reliability close to limits set by statistical fluctuations in the number of absorbed photons. Thus the rod photoreceptors that provide the input signals to the dark-adapted visual system act as nearly perfect photon counters. This elegant performance is possible because light detection in the rods satisfies four functional requirements: high quantum efficiency, sufficient amplification to produce a measurable response, low dark noise, and low trial-to-trial variability in the elementary response. The rod meets these requirements using biochemical reactions rather than the solid-state reactions of silicon detectors, yet its performance equals or exceeds that of man-made detectors in several ways.
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