Wound exudate: a survey of current understanding and clinical competency

A survey was undertaken with the aim of identifying health professionals' understanding of wound exudate and their ability to assess and manage it. The survey was carried out at Wound Expo, which is a large annual event that provides generalist nurses with interactive education on the core aspects of wound care, including wound exudate. The sample comprised 223 delegates. Almost all delegates (89%) included exudate in every wound assessment, but only 20% based assessment of excess exudate on colour, viscosity and malodour, with the majority (67%) basing it on leakage and increased frequency of dressing changes. While almost all (94%) delegates said they always assess exudate colour and most (80%) that they always assess its viscosity, 18% did not understand the clinical significance of exudate colour and 29% were unable to correctly identify the characteristics of low-viscosity exudate. Furthermore, one quarter of the sample did not always take absorbency into account when selecting a wound dressing. The results indicate that exudate assessment is often subjective, and there is scope for greater use of wound exudate assessment tools and exudate descriptors.