Life Cycle Inventory of Portland Cement Manufacture

This report is an update of Life Cycle Inventory of Portland Cement Manufacture published in 2002. The purpose of this update is to incorporate the most recent energy use data from the Portland Cement Association’s annual U.S. and Canadian Labor-Energy Input Survey. The results of the latest U.S. Environmental R&D Project Questionnaire also are included. This is a significant update because it includes high quality data on water usage, fuel and raw material consumption, and transportation modes and distances. The goal is to present the most accurate data on the inputs and emissions related to manufacturing portland cement. The LCI of portland cement is the basis of the LCI of concrete, concrete products, and concrete structures. These LCIs are used in turn to conduct life cycle assessments of concrete structures and other structures containing concrete.