Bacillus Calmette-guerin Immunotherapy of Superficial Bladder Cancer

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jul 1980Bacillus Calmette-guerin Immunotherapy of Superficial Bladder Cancer Donald L. Lamm, Daniel E. Thor, Steven C. Harris, Juan A. Reyna, Valerie D. Stogdill, and Howard M. Radwin Donald L. LammDonald L. Lamm , Daniel E. ThorDaniel E. Thor , Steven C. HarrisSteven C. Harris , Juan A. ReynaJuan A. Reyna , Valerie D. StogdillValerie D. Stogdill , and Howard M. RadwinHoward M. Radwin View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)55282-9AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Thirty-seven patients were enrolled in a randomized prospective study to compare standard surgical therapy for superficial bladder cancer to standard therapy plus bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Side effects of BCG have been tolerated well and include dysuria in 95 per cent of the patients, urinary frequency in 83 per cent, hematuria in 39 per cent, fever in 22 per cent and nausea in 22 per cent. Of 19 control patients 8 (42 per cent) had recurrent tumors in the followup period, compared to 3 of 18 patients (17 per cent) treated with BCG. One patient treated with BCG had 2 recurrences, yielding a recurrence rate of 22 per cent in the group receiving BCG compared to 42 per cent in controls. When the incidence of recurrent tumors in matched intervals before and after entry into the protocol is compared, no change in the rate of tumor recurrence (p equals 0.726 chi-square) occurred in controls, whereas tumor recurrences were reduced significantly in the group treated with BCG (p equals 0.010 chi-square). The reduction in tumor recurrence in patients treated with BCG compared to controls is statistically significant (p equals 0.029 chi-square). Of 4 patients with previous stage B disease treated with BCG 3 have remained free of tumor. Three patients who presented with new bladder tumors remain free of tumor after BCG therapy, while 2 of 5 comparable control patients developed recurrent tumors. Intravesical and percutaneous BCG immunotherapy appears to decrease the rate of tumor recurrence in patients followed for 1 year. © 1980 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byMcElree I, Steinberg R, Martin A, Richards J, Mott S, Gellhaus P, Nepple K, O'Donnell M and Packiam V (2022) Sequential Intravesical Gemcitabine and Docetaxel for bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Naïve High-Risk Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder CancerJournal of Urology, VOL. 208, NO. 3, (589-599), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2022.Donin N, Lenis A, Holden S, Drakaki A, Pantuck A, Belldegrun A and Chamie K (2018) Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Urothelial CarcinomaJournal of Urology, VOL. 197, NO. 1, (14-22), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2017.Sfakianos J, Kim P, Hakimi A and Herr H (2018) The Effect of Restaging Transurethral Resection on Recurrence and Progression Rates in Patients with Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-GuérinJournal of Urology, VOL. 191, NO. 2, (341-345), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2014.Herr H and Morales A (2018) History of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin and Bladder Cancer: An Immunotherapy Success StoryJournal of Urology, VOL. 179, NO. 1, (53-56), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2008.Colombel M, Saint F, Chopin D, Malavaud B, Nicolas L and Rischmann P (2018) The Effect of Ofloxacin on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Induced Toxicity in Patients With Superficial Bladder Cancer: Results of a Randomized, Prospective, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Multicenter StudyJournal of Urology, VOL. 176, NO. 3, (935-939), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2006.PALOU J, LAGUNA P, MILLÁN-RODRÍGUEZ F, HALL R, SALVADOR-BAYARRI J and VICENTE-RODRÍGUEZ J (2018) CONTROL GROUP AND MAINTENANCE TREATMENT WITH BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN FOR CARCINOMA IN SITU AND/OR HIGH GRADE BLADDER TUMORSJournal of Urology, VOL. 165, NO. 5, (1488-1491), Online publication date: 1-May-2001.LAMM D, BLUMENSTEIN B, CRISSMAN J, MONTIE J, GOTTESMAN J, LOWE B, SAROSDY M, BOHL R, GROSSMAN H, BECK T, LEIMERT J and CRAWFORD E (2018) MAINTENANCE BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR RECURRENT TA, T1 AND CARCINOMA IN SITU TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE BLADDER: A RANDOMIZED SOUTHWEST ONCOLOGY GROUP STUDYJournal of Urology, VOL. 163, NO. 4, (1124-1129), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2000.ALI-EL-DEIN B, NABEEH A, ISMAIL E and GHONEIM M (2018) SEQUENTIAL BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN AND EPIRUBICIN VERSUS BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN ALONE FOR SUPERFICIAL BLADDER TUMORS: A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE STUDYJournal of Urology, VOL. 162, NO. 2, (339-342), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1999.Wishahi M, Ismail I, Ruebben H and Otto T (2018) Original Articles: Bladder Cancer: Keyhole-Limpet Hemocyanin Immunotherapy in the Bilharzial Bladder: A New Treatment Modality? 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