Mangosteen Extract Prevents Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice by Suppressing NF-κB Activation and Inflammation

In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of mangosteen extract (MGE) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway modulation were investigated. Acute colitis was induced by administering 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days, and three groups of Institute of Cancer Research mice were treated with 30 and 120 mg/kg MGE or 5-aminosalicylic acid for 7 days; an additional two groups of mice served as healthy and disease controls. The results indicated that MGE significantly prevented weight loss, reduced disease activity index scores, and preserved colon length compared with the findings in the untreated colitis group. MGE downregulated the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκB and IKK in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that MGE alleviates ulcerative colitis by modulating the NF-κB pathway.